The 2015 Quebec First Nations Regional Health Survey (RHS) revealed that approximately 23% of adults have encountered mould in their homes. This means that one in four adults is dealing with mould growth in their living space. This widespread issue calls for greater attention and action to protect the health and wellness of affected communities.
What is mould?
Mould is more than an unsightly problem: it is a type of fungus that grows in damp, warm and humid places, and it can be a serious health concern, especially in homes where moisture and organic materials are present.
How does mould enter your home?
Mould releases tiny spores into the air to reproduce. These spores can easily enter your home in several ways:
- Through open windows, doors, ventilation and heating systems.
- Through cracks in walls or gaps around windows and doors.
- By attaching to clothing, shoes, skin, hair and pets.
What helps mould grow?
Like people, mould needs food and moisture to survive.
| Common sources of food for mould | Moisture sources |
| Household dust | Leaks and flooding |
| Pet dander | Bathrooms and kitchens |
| Organic materials like drywall, wood, carpets and curtains | Humidifiers or poor ventilation |
| Indoor plants that are overwatered | |
How does mould affect our health?
When mould grows, it can release particles and toxins into the air that may cause:
- Asthma attacks
- Allergic reactions (runny nose, itchy eyes, skin rashes)
- Flu-like symptoms (fatigue, coughing, headaches)
In people with existing health issues, it can lead to lung infections.
How can you tell if there is mould in your home?
- You see discoloured spots or stains on walls, ceilings, or furniture.
- You smell a musty or earthy odour.
- Your home feels damp or humid.
- You or your family feel unwell at home but better when you leave.
How to prevent and clean mould safely?
Limit moisture and other sources of mould growth.
- Use the bathroom fan or open windows while showering.
- Run kitchen fans when cooking.
- Fix leaks quickly.
- Dry wet materials (like carpets or walls) within 48 hours.
- Open windows or use fans/dehumidifiers to reduce indoor humidity.
- Cleaning mould
- Wear a mask, gloves and eye protection.
- Clean small areas using soap and water, then rinse.
- Avoid bleach—it is not necessary.
- Throw away porous materials that cannot be properly cleaned, such as:
- Drywall
- Ceiling tiles
- Mattresses and some pillows
- Books and paper products
When to call for help?
- If the mould covers an area larger than one square meter or seems to cover a large area.
- After a flood or when unsure how deep the damage goes.
To address mould issues in your home, start by contacting your health centre. They will work with the First Nations and Inuit Health Branch to set up a health inspection of your house.
After the inspection is done, your housing department can help you find professionals who can do a detailed inspection for mould. They will assess the situation and provide you with an estimate for the mould removal work needed to keep you safe and healthy in your home.
References
https://www.ottawapublichealth.ca/en/public-health-topics/mould.aspx#Prevent-Mould-Growth